Another day, another study revealing how women are judged by their looks...
According to research conducted by Abertay University in Dundee, women who wear too much make-up at work are deemed less likely to be good leaders compared to those who don't.
The study presented participants with sixteen sets of images, each set showing a picture of a woman made-up as if for a night out (partially enhanced by computer software) and another picture of the same woman bare-faced.
The male and female respondents were then asked to asses which they viewed as the better leader. And the results showed that the women with make-up were generally viewed less positively as leaders.
Ironically, the findings contradicted previous work in the field which suggested that made-up women were seen to be more 'dominant'.
As study leader Dr Christopher Watkins of Abertay’s Division of Psychology says in The Daily TelegraphThe Daily Telegraph: 'This research follows previous work in this area, which suggests that wearing makeup enhances how dominant a woman looks.
'While the previous findings suggest that we are inclined to show some deference to a woman with a good looking face, our new research suggests that makeup does not enhance a woman’s dominance by benefitting how we evaluate her in a leadership role.'
The study's findings also contracted research conducted in 2016 by sociologists Jaclyn Wong and Andrew Penner, which uncovered that women who groom – i.e. spend their hard-earned wages on blow dries, manicures and make-up – earn more money than those who don't.
Hmm, so let us get this straight... According to the aforementioned research, women who wear make-up will not only be perceived as 'dominant' but they will also earn more money. However if they have aspirations to be effective leaders, well, they can wave those ambitions goodbye.
To make-up or not to make-up? The choices we women face today...
NOW READ: The Dior Beauty Eyeliner Trick That Makes Eyes Look Bigger
SHOP: Grazia's Best Kohl Pencil Eyeliners
1 of 5Get The Fashion Week Look
bareMinerals Lasting Line Long-Wearing Eyeliner, £15 We love this super-soft twist-up pencil liner. It's great for creating a bold, smoky line, and smudging with the spongy tool at the other end of the pencil. It lasts all day, too.
2 of 5Best kohl pencil eyeliners
Bobbi Brown Long Wear Eye Pencil, £19 If long-wear is top of your list of priorities in the hunt for the best pencil eyeliner, try Bobbi Brown's long wear eye pencil. It won't budge, whatever the weather, and no matter how many tears you shed.
3 of 5Best kohl pencil eyeliners
Bourjois Khôl and Contour Eyeliner with Built-in Sharpener, £4.99 This does-what-it-says-on-the-tine kohl eyeliner is a great everyday pencil liner. It's a good choice if you like a precise application, since the built-in sharpener makes on-the-go sharpening simple.
4 of 5Best kohl pencil eyeliners
Burberry Eyes Effortless Blendable Kohl Multi-Use Crayon, £17 If you want a speedy kohl pencil that doubles as a smudgy shadow, Burberry's blendable kohl crayon is the best pencil eyeliner for you.
5 of 5Best kohl pencil eyeliners
Wild About Beauty Kajal Pencil Duo, £14.50 If you like to mix your beauty look up, this double-ended pencil is the right pick for you. We love the precise application of the fine end, contrasted with the fun, bold lines you can create with the other.